Essay on Drugs and Bronchospasms - 1234 Words

Drugs and Bronchospasms Bronchospasms induced by drugs can be managed beneficially through knowledge of causative agents and knowledge on treatment of the disease. Bronchospasms are an excessive and prolonged contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles, resulting in an acute narrowing and obstruction of the respiratory airway. The contractions may be localized or general and may be caused by irritation or injury to the respiratory mucosa, infections, or allergies or drugs. A cough with generalized wheezing usually indicates the condition. Bronchospasm is a chief characteristic of asthma2 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD). Asthma is a common chronic disease worldwide and affects approximately 24†¦show more content†¦Aspirin induce bronchospasms prevalence is 0.6 - 44% overall and 21.1% in asthmatic patients and 29.9 % in patients with a previous incident of aspirin induced bronchospasm. 5 The wide range is due to patients without a history of asthma or Aspirin induced asthma being less prone while patients with a history if asthma being more apt to aspirin induced bronchospasms especially patients with asthma and nasal polyps.5 NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac (strong cyclooxygenase inhibitors) have reported cross sensitivities in aspirin intolerant patients of 98%, 100%, 93% respectively.5 However, low inhibitors ( acetaminophen) and non-inhibitors( meloxicam) of cyclooxygenase 1 are better tolerated in patients with cross sensitivity6 ;and only tend to induce bronchospasms atShow MoreRelatedPharmacology Case Study717 Words   |  3 Pagesdiagnosis of cancer to require use of this drug. Side effects of this drug classification are because of the treatment and that fact that it destroys the body’s normal cells as well as the cancerous cells(Milne,2000). The patient should be aware that the medicine could make them very sick. May cause low blood count, tiredness, mouth sores, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea, hair loss and skin changes(Milne,2000). Cardiovascular drugs are used in Hypertension, Angina PectorisRead MoreAsthma Stepwise Management Of Asthma1272 Words   |  6 Pagesswift volte-face of acute airway restriction and mitigate bronchospasm often taken as necessary. According to Arcangelo and Peterson (2013), the two utmost widespread quick relief therapy utilized for asthma exacerbations are the Inhaled nebulized rescue bronchodilators and the systemic corticosteroids. The Inhaled rescue nebulized bronchodilators recognized as the short-acting B2 adrenergic agonists (SABAs), labor to relief the bronchospasm by soothing the bronchial smooth muscle and operationalRead MoreAsthm Common Respiratory Disease That Affects The Bronchioles Airway994 Words   |  4 Pages 2011). These inflammatory mediators which released from white blood cells cause oedema, bronchospasm, vasodilation and mucus secretion during the late phase (H.P.Rang, M.M.Dale, J.M.Ritter, P.K.Moore). Symptoms which caused by bronchospasm and the airway inflammation are difficult to breath, wheeze with the hissing sound, chest tightness and coughing (G.Schiffman, 2014). The most common short-acting drug that we used in asthma is Salbutamol. Salbutamol is widely used bronchodilators and actsRead MoreCOPD Case Study1000 Words   |  4 Pageschose doxycycline as the drug of choice for the treatment (Bartlett Sethi, 2017). Ipratropium (Atrovent) Drug Action and Use The anticholinergic agent blocks the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in bronchial smooth muscle causing bronchodilation (Lexicomp, 2017). It is a bronchodilator that relaxes the smooth muscle in the lung to improve airflow (Lexicomp, 2017). It is used to prevent bronchospasm, bronchitis, emphysema, and COPD (Lexicomp, 2017). Drug Absorption, Metabolism, DistributionRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Hypertension892 Words   |  4 Pages(active) and l-nebivolol o In CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EMs) the half-life is 12 hours o In CYP2D6 poor metabolizers (PMs) the half-life is 9 hours o Peak plasma concentration in 1- 6 hours o Elimination of the drug in EMs is 38% in urine and 44% in feces o Elimination of the drug in PMs is 67% in urine and 13% in feces †¢ Valsartan o 95% protein bound o Metabolized by CYP2C9 o Half-life is 6 hours o Peak plasma concentration in 2 – 4 hours o Elimination through feces †¢ Food does not affect absorptionRead MoreThe Respiratory System Is An Organ System Responsible For Gas Exchange1230 Words   |  5 Pagesused SABA bronchodilators that treat acute obstructive airways are albuterol and levalbuterol. The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program consider these two medicines the rescue drugs because they are used for fast relief of asthma symptoms. This paper will briefly discuss the effects of the two SABA drugs and compare the controversial advantages and disadvantages of these. During an asthma attack, the respiratory airways narrow, swell and produce extra mucus. This makes breathing difficultRead MoreA Case Study Of A 30 Year Old Patient Who Has Been Diagnosed With Asthma And Allergies1547 Words   |  7 Pagesmedications of albuterol, salmeterol, and montelukast. Lastly, a review of corticosteroids and their adverse effects, dosing, and other implications will be discussed. Asthma can be defined as a chronic pulmonary disease that involves inflammation and bronchospasms. To fully understand asthma and its attributes, one must understand the pathophysiology of asthma, including the lower respiratory tract, and the bronchiolar smooth muscle. Stated simply, the major role of the respiratory system is to bring oxygenRead MoreDrug Overview: Category, Description, And Method Of Action.1513 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Overview: Category, Description, and Method of Action BREO ELLIPTA is inhalation powder for oral inhalation belonging to the class of inhaled corticosteroids combined with long-acting [[beta].sub.2] agonists (Breo Ellipta, 2013). Thus, Breo Ellipta represents itself a fixed combination of fluticasone furoate (100 mcg/200mcg, ICS) and vilanterol (25 mcg, LABA) (GlaxoSmithKline, 2013). In accordance with GSK (2017) prescribing information highlights, fluticasone furoate is a white powder withRead MorePneumonia Case Study1647 Words   |  7 Pages Transparency: Slightly Hazy Reaction: (pH) 6.0 Protein: +1 Glucose: negative Specific Gravity: 1.010 Pus cells: 3-4/HPF RBC: 2-3/hpf Crystals: A Urates: Many Mucus threads: few Cast: Fine Granular cast : 1-2/HPF IX. Drug Study Generic Name: Hydrocortisone Sodium succinate Brand Name: Solu-Cortef Classification: Corticosteroid, short acting Dosage: 100mg IV, q 6 hours Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism: Hepatic; half life 80-120min. Distribution: CrossesRead MoreThe Medication Error Reporting Project771 Words   |  4 Pages105 06/18/14 The problem and solution â€Å"The medication error reporting project (MERP) estimates that confusion surrounding drugs with similar names accounts for up to 25 percent of medication errors.†(www.jcaho.org). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says that† about 10 percent of all medication errors reported result from drug name confusion. A patient taking the wrong drug is an impact to the safety goal.†(www.fda.gov) The confusion of two medications with similar names could occur with an unclear